The serum tryptase test is a diagnostic tool used to measure the level of tryptase in the blood. Tryptase is an enzyme released by mast cells, a type of immune cell involved in allergic and inflammatory responses. This test is commonly used to assess mast cell activation.
Overview:
Purpose: The primary purpose of the serum tryptase test is to evaluate the activity of mast cells. Mast cells release various mediators, including tryptase, during an allergic or inflammatory response.
Conditions for Testing: Serum tryptase testing is often ordered when there is suspicion of mast cell disorders, such as systemic mastocytosis or mast cell activation syndrome.
Procedure: A blood sample is taken from a vein, typically in the arm. The blood is collected in a tube and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The sample is usually drawn during a period of symptom exacerbation or as soon as possible after an event.
Interpretation: Normal levels of tryptase are typically low, but they can temporarily increase in response to certain triggers. Persistent elevation of tryptase may suggest a chronic mast cell disorder.
Variations: There are different forms of tryptase, and the test may measure total tryptase or specific isoforms. Additionally, a “baseline” tryptase level is often established for an individual, and subsequent tests are compared to this baseline.